You must be able to draw ray diagrams for plane mirrors, and be able to calculate image and object heights, distances, and magnifications. Concave mirrors and convex mirrors image formation, ray. Concave mirror is also used by dentists, to see the large images of the teeth of patients. The focal length and power of a convex mirror are negative, since it is a diverging mirror.
Ray 3 travels toward the center of curvature and reflects back on itself. Ray tracing is as useful for mirrors as for lenses. Concave mirror convex mirror image formation by concave mirror concave mirror ray diagram image formation by convex mirror. Now, lets study the types of images formed by a convex mirror 1. The ray diagram constructed earlier for a convex mirror revealed that the image of the object was virtual, upright, reduced in size and located behind the mirror. We look at the image formation by these spherical lenses using ray diagrams.
This video is highly rated by class 10 students and has been viewed 260 times. Nature of images in a convex mirror and its applications. A mirror is a surface which reflects a clear image. In a concave mirror, a virtual, upright image formed when the object was behind the focus. In case, of a convex mirror, there are only two possible positions where the object can be positioned and an image can be formed. Rays come parallel to the principal axis and after reflection from the mirror, appear to diverge from focus f behind the mirror. Actually, half a lens will form the same, though a fainter, image. When parallel rays could be from a distant object incident on a concave mirror, the reflected. Ray 2 heads towards the focal point, emerging parallel to the principal axis. A convex mirror is a diverging mirror \f\ is negative and forms only one type of image. It turns out the image formed by a convex mirror is always virtual, upright and diminished.
When the object is at the infinity, a point sized image is. In case of convex mirror, parallel rays are diverged from the mirror. This bulging out surface reflect light outwards and are not used to focus light. Images formed by convex mirror using ray diagram class. Concave and convex mirrors ray diagram for convex and. Let \r\ be the radius of curvature, n 1 be the refractive index of the medium in which object point p is located, and n 2 be the refractive index of the medium with the spherical surface. Lets explore the ray tracing technique to figure out the properties of images when things are kept in front of a concave or a convex mirror. Since the rays reflected from the mirror do not intersect, their extensions behind the mirror intersect and virtual image is formed. Image formation by convex mirrors richard fitzpatrick. You must understand the differences between these two kinds of mirrors, be able to draw. Image formation by a plane b convex and c concave mirrors. Class 10 science chapter 10 light reflection and refraction. Virtual, erect and diminished images are always formed with convex mirrors, irrespective of the distance between the object and the mirror. In case of convex mirror, parallel rays are diverged.
Light does not pass through the image object image each point on the image can be determined by tracing 2 rays from the object. The following table illustrates the image formed by a concave mirror for different positions of the given object. We generally feel the entire lens, or mirror, is needed to form an image. This is shown in slide 25 user can change the position of the object along the principal axis. Previously in lesson 4, ray diagrams were constructed in order to determine the location, size, orientation, and type of image formed by concave mirrors. When the object is at the infinity, a point sized image is formed at principal focus behind the convex mirror. A ray of light parallel to the principle axis of a convex mirror appears to be coming from its focus after reflection from the mirror. In a convex mirror a virtual image formed where the light rays would intersect if they were extended behind the mirror.
Draw ray diagrams showing the image formation by a convex mirror when an object is placed a at infinity. Mar 03, 2019 convex and concave lenses are spherical lenses. Convex mirrors center of curvature and focal point both located behind mirror the image for a convex mirror is always virtual and upright compared to the object a convex mirror will reflect a set of parallel rays in all directions. To study the nature of images formed by convex and concave mirrors. A ray of light parallel to the principle axis of a convex mirror appears. Curvedspherical mirror a curved mirror is a mirror with a curved reflecting surface.
Parallel rays of light reflected from the mirror seem to originate from the point f at the focal distance f f size 12f behind the mirror. Large concave mirrors are used to concentrate sunlight to produce maximum heat in the solar furnaces. When parallel rays could be from a distant object incident on a concave mirror, the reflected rays converge to a focal point f, hence also called converging. The reflected rays upon incident on our eye see the image. Cbse class 10 science lab manual image formation by a convex lens experiment 8a aim to find the image distance for varying object distances in case of a convex lens. Question 1 mention few applications of convex mirror. Rules for image formation in concave and convex mirrors.
Mar 20, 2019 question 1 mention few applications of convex mirror. Light ray rules for convex lens and concave lens are discussed. The image formed in a convex mirror is always virtual and erect, whatever be the position of the object. This is because the rays of light falling parallel once reflected diverge.
Pdf optical images due to lenses and mirrors researchgate. For convex mirror, image is always formed behind the mirror, virtual, erect and diminished. The experiment reciprocated what we already knew about image formation in concave and convex mirrors. Convex mirror is a curved mirror for which the reflective surface bulges out towards the. Pdf the properties of real and virtual images formed by lenses and mirrors are. Uses of convex mirror image formation on a convex mirror. Locate its image formed by two successive reflections, the first reflection taking place at the a far wall b near wall. An image which can be formed on the screen is known as real image and the one which cannot be formed on screen is known as a virtual image. The image of a candle flame formed by a lens is obtained on a screen placed on the other side of the lens.
Characteristics of the image formed by a concave mirror according to the position of the object. A convex mirror is a diverging mirror f is negative and forms only one type of image. The convex mirror is used as a sideviewrear view mirror of a vehicle because it forms an erect and smaller image. Apr 30, 2020 image formation by concave and convex mirror class 10 notes edurev is made by best teachers of class 10. May 04, 2020 image formation by convex mirror easy explanation class 10 video edurev is made by best teachers of class 10. Images formed by convex mirror using ray diagram 1 object is between infinity and pole a image is formed between pole and focus. Aug 31, 2016 image formed by a spherical mirror experiment. If the outside of the sphere is silvered such that it can reflect light, then the mirror is said to be convex. We want to know what happens as a result of refraction at. Figure \\pageindex7a\ uses ray tracing to illustrate the location and size of the case 3 image for mirrors. This is explained with the help of ray diagrams as follows.
Image formation by a convex mirror if the mirror is convex, so that r is negative, the resulting image is virtual that is, the image point is on the opposite side of. Image formation by a convex mirror if the mirror is convex, so that r is negative, the resulting image is virtual that is, the image point is on the opposite side of the mirror from the object, erect, and smaller than the object. This document is highly rated by class 10 students and has been viewed 3736 times. There are two types of spherical mirrors convex mirror and concave mirror. Therefore, it covers are a larger field of view compared to a plane or concave mirror. The image is upright and larger than the object, as seen in figure 10b, and so the lens is called a magnifier. Therefore, the properties of the images formed here are formed behind the mirror, images are highly enlarged, images are virtual and erect. Consider a point source of light at point p in front of a convex surface made of glass figure \\pageindex3\. Convex mirror uses of convex mirror definition equation.
When parallel rays could be from a distant object incident on a concave mirror, the reflected rays converge to a focal point f, hence also called converging mirror. These are used in scooters, cars, buses and trucks to see the rear view, as the images formed are diminished. The center of that original sphere is known as the center of. It is a case 3 image one that is upright and smaller than the object, just as for diverging lenses. Image is magnified in size and erect unlike the real images. An image that is formed by the apparent intersection of light rays. Figure 7a uses ray tracing to illustrate the location and size of the case 3 image for mirrors. Image formation by concave image formation by convex mirrors the definitions of the principal axis, centre of curvature, radius of curvature, and the vertex, of a convex mirror are analogous to the corresponding definitions for a concave mirror.
To create a real image with a concave mirror, the object must be outside the focal point. Hence everything appears smaller, and it covers a wider view. Take the sheet of white paper and fold it about two or three times to make a screen. Images formed by convex mirror using ray diagram class 10. The image is as far behind the mirror as you are in front of it. As such, the characteristics of the images formed by convex mirrors are easily predictable. Question 2 the image formed by a convex mirror is seen to be erect,virtual and diminished. Image formation by concave and convex mirror class 10. Characteristics of the image formed by a convex mirror according to the position of the object. Uses of the concave mirror and the convex mirror in our daily life. The convex mirror on the right forms a virtual image which is not in.
The surface may be either convex bulging outward or concave bulging inward. It is reversed, left right the persons right hand becomes the images left hand. Sep 26, 2015 the concave lens is known as the diverging lens because it diverges the rays after they pass through it, the image formed by the concave lens is a virtual image because it can not be received on a screen. The convex mirror is suitable for convenient shops and big supermarkets and any other corner for a wide observation. If you draw the image formation by a convex mirror, you can choose one method and do not need to use two or three ways. Parallel rays of light reflected from the mirror seem to originate from the point f at the focal distance f size 12f behind the mirror. Image formation by concave and convex mirror class 10 notes.
In order to construct a ray diagram to find out the position, nature and size of image formed by convex mirror we should remember following path of rays of light. There are only two possibilities of position of object in the case of a convex mirror, i. Image formation by convex mirror easy explanation class. These mirrors forms a virtual image as the focal point f and the centre of curvature 2f. When parallel lightrays strike a convex mirror they are reflected such that they appear to. In lesson 3, a convex mirror was described as a portion of a sphere that had been sliced away. In mirrors, images are formed through reflection but lenses form images through refraction. Ray diagrams for the convex mirror basic physics tutorials.
Image formation for mirrors and lenses type focal length f object distance s image distance s character orientation size concave mirror converging lens f 0 s 2f f 2f real inverted enlarged s 0 s mirror b. The image formation three rays the formation of the image can be drawn using three beams of light or three rays, as shown in the figure below. Look at the given picture, if the distance between the object and its image is 120cm, find the focal length of this mirror. Image formation for mirrors and lenses type focal length f object distance s image distance s character orientation size concave mirror converging lens f 0 s 2f f 2f real inverted enlarged s right the persons right hand becomes the. While clicking on the concave mirror button, a concave mirror, object and its image will be displayed in the window. Ray diagram of image formation by spherical mirrors diagram image shows the ray diagram for various positions of the object for concave and convex mirrors. Cases of formation of images by convex lens converging lens when the position of the object is very far, the position of the image is at the focus, the formed image will be real and very tiny dot when the position of the object is at a distance greater than the double twice of the focal length, after the center of curvature, the position of the image is between the focus. Convex mirror is a curved mirror where the reflective surface bulges out towards the light source.
Concave mirrors and convex mirrors image formation, ray diagram. There are, again, two alternative methods of locating the image formed by a convex mirror. Draw ray diagrams showing the image formation by a convex mirror when an object is placed a at infinity b at finite distance from the mirror 35. So one always needs to extrapolate the reflected rays behind a convex. Unlike concave mirrors, convex mirrors always produce images that have these characteristics. Cbse class 10 science lab manual image formation by a. A convex mirror can only produce a virtual image since all reflected rays will diverge. The images formed by a convex mirror is always virtual, upright and diminished.
A mirror is a part of a smooth and highly polished reflecting surface. Mar, 2018 simple explanation for rules for image formation for curved mirrors. Draw ray diagrams showing the image formation by a concave lens when an object is placed a at the focus of the lens b between focus and twice the focal length of the lens c beyond twice the focal length of the lens 34. The concave mirror on the left forms a real image which is inverted when the object lies outside the focal point. These mirrors forms a virtual image as the focal point f and the centre of curvature 2f are imaginary points in the mirror that cannot be reached. Image formation by convex and concave lens ray diagrams.
This one factor allows a very large usage of convex mirrors. The virtual image is formed directly behind the mirror. Compared to other reflective mirrors, the field of view for a convex mirror is the maximum. Concave mirror, convex mirror, a sheet of white paper, a welllit window, and adhesive tape. A spherical mirror is a part of a spherical reflecting surface. The image formed by a concave mirror varies in size depending on the position of the object with respect to the mirror. Light image formation by convex mirror class 10 science ncert. The smaller the radius of curvature, the smaller the focal length and, thus, the more powerful the mirror. It is a case 3 imageone that is upright and smaller than the object, just as for diverging lenses. Curved mirrors concave and convex linkedin slideshare. Materials required a thin convex lens, a lens holder fitted in a stand, a piece of rice paper screen fixed to a stand, a. Image formation in a convex lens can be explained with the help of three principal rays shown in the figure. If the object is moved 10 cm towards the mirror, its image will be only half the size of the object.